abstract
type: AnnotationProperty
range: string

contributor
type: Property

created
type: Property
range: date

creator
type: AnnotationProperty

description
type: DatatypeProperty

is replaced by
type: ObjectProperty

modified
type: Property
range: date

rights
type: AnnotationProperty
range: string

source
type: AnnotationProperty
range: anyURI

subject
type: AnnotationProperty
range: string

title
type: AnnotationProperty
range: string

QUDT Schema - Version 3.1.4
type: Ontology
has graph metadata: QUDT Schema - Version 3.1.4
imports: dtype
imports: vaem
imports: core

Quantity Kind (abstract)
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: broader
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: alt symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: latex symbol

Angle unit
type: Class
description: All units relating to specification of angles.
subclass of: Dimensionless Unit

QUDT Aspect
type: Aspect Class
comment: An aspect is an abstract type class that defines properties that can be reused.
subclass of: Thing

Aspect Class
type: Class
subclass of: Class

Base Dimension Magnitude
type: Class
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensional_analysis
informative reference: http://web.mit.edu/2.25/www/pdf/DA_unified.pdf
comment: A Dimension expresses a magnitude for a base quantiy kind such as mass, length and time. DEPRECATED - each exponent is expressed as a property. Keep until a validaiton of this has been done.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: has base quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: float
  on property: vector magnitude
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has base quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: vector magnitude

Big Endian
type: Endian Type
literal: big

Binary Prefix
type: Class
comment: A Binary Prefix is a prefix for multiples of units in data processing, data transmission, and digital information, notably the bit and the byte, to indicate multiplication by a power of 2.
subclass of: Prefix

Bit Encoding
bits: 1

Bit Encoding
type: Class
description: A bit encoding is a correspondence between the two possible values of a bit, 0 or 1, and some interpretation. For example, in a boolean encoding, a bit denotes a truth value, where 0 corresponds to False and 1 corresponds to True.
subclass of: Encoding
one of: Bit Encoding

Boolean Encoding
type: Boolean encoding type
bits: 1

Boolean encoding type
type: Class
subclass of: Encoding
one of: Boolean Encoding
one of: Bit Encoding
one of: OCTET Encoding

Byte Encoding
type: Class
description: This class contains the various ways that information may be encoded into bytes.
subclass of: Encoding

Countably Infinite Cardinality Type
type: Cardinality Type
description: A set of numbers is called countably infinite if there is a way to enumerate them. Formally this is done with a bijection function that associates each number in the set with exactly one of the positive integers. The set of all fractions is also countably infinite. In other words, any set $X$ that has the same cardinality as the set of the natural numbers, or $| X | \; = \; | \mathbb N | \; = \; \aleph0$, is said to be a countably infinite set.
informative reference: http://www.math.vanderbilt.edu/~schectex/courses/infinity.pdf
literal: countable

Finite Cardinality Type
type: Cardinality Type
description: Any set $X$ with cardinality less than that of the natural numbers, or $| X | \\; < \; | \\mathbb N | $, is said to be a finite set.
literal: finite

Uncountable Cardinality Type
type: Cardinality Type
description: Any set with cardinality greater than that of the natural numbers, or $| X | \; > \; | \mathbb N | $, for example $| R| \; = \; c \; > |\mathbb N |$, is said to be uncountable.
literal: uncountable

Cardinality Type
type: Class
description: In mathematics, the cardinality of a set is a measure of the number of elements of the set. For example, the set $A = {2, 4, 6}$ contains 3 elements, and therefore $A$ has a cardinality of 3. There are two approaches to cardinality: one which compares sets directly using bijections and injections, and another which uses cardinal numbers.
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_number
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinality
description (plain text): In mathematics, the cardinality of a set is a measure of the number of elements of the set. For example, the set 'A = {2, 4, 6}' contains 3 elements, and therefore 'A' has a cardinality of 3. There are two approaches to cardinality – one which compares sets directly using bijections and injections, and another which uses cardinal numbers.
subclass of: Enumerated Value
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: literal
one of: Countably Infinite Cardinality Type
one of: Finite Cardinality Type
one of: Uncountable Cardinality Type

Char Encoding
type: Boolean encoding type
type: Char Encoding Type
description: 7 bits of 1 octet
bytes: 1

Char Encoding Type
type: Class
description: The class of all character encoding schemes, each of which defines a rule or algorithm for encoding character data as a sequence of bits or bytes.
subclass of: Encoding
one of: Char Encoding

Citation
type: Class
comment: Provides a simple way of making citations.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: description
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: url

Comment
type: Class
subclass of: Verifiable
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: description
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: rationale

QUDT Concept
type: Class
comment: The root class for all QUDT concepts.
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Rule
  on property: has rule
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: description
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: is replaced by
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: abbreviation
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: deprecated
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: qudt id
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: description (plain text)

Constant value
type: Class
comment: Used to specify the values of a constant.
subclass of: Quantity value
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: exact constant

Contextual Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: broader

Counting Unit
type: Class
comment: Used for all units that express counts. Examples are Atomic Number, Number, Number per Year, Percent and Sample per Second.
subclass of: Dimensionless Unit

Currency Unit
type: Class
comment: Currency Units have their own subclass of unit because: (a) they have additonal properites such as 'country' and (b) their URIs do not conform to the same rules as other units.
comment: Used for all units that express currency.
subclass of: Dimensionless Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  pattern: ^\d{3}$
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: currency code
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: currency exponent

Data Encoding
type: Class
comment: Data Encoding expresses the properties that specify how data is represented at the bit and byte level. These properties are applicable to describing raw data.
subclass of: QUDT Aspect
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Encoding
  on property: encoding
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Endian Type
  on property: bit order
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: bit order
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: byte order
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: encoding

Data Item
type: Class
description: A Data Item holds a value that maybe a scalar or structured datatype. Quantity Value specifies which case applies.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: string
  on property: value
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: value

QUDT Datatype
type: Class
description: A Datatype is a definition of the type of the "value" of a data item (for example, "all integers between 0 and 10"), and the allowable operations on those values; the meaning of the data; and the way values of that type can be stored. Some types are primitive - built-in to the language, with no visible internal structure. For example "Boolean"; others are composite - constructed from one or more other types (of either kind). For example lists, arrays, structures, unions. Some languages provide strong typing, others allow implicit type conversion and/or explicit type conversion.
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_type
informative reference: http://foldoc.org/data+type
informative reference: http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Data_type.html
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Cardinality Type
  on property: cardinality
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: QUDT Datatype
  on property: basis
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Ordered type
  on property: ordered type
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: ANSI SQL Name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: basis
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: bounded
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: C Language name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: cardinality
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: qudt id
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: java name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: Javascript name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: matlab name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: Microsoft SQL Server name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: MySQL name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: ODBC name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: OLE DB name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: ORACLE SQL name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: ordered type
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: protocol buffers name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: python name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: Vusal Basic name

Date Time String Encoding Type
type: Class
description: Date Time encodings are logical encodings for expressing date/time quantities as strings by applying unambiguous formatting and parsing rules.
subclass of: StringEncodingType
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: allowed pattern

Decimal Prefix
type: Class
comment: A Decimal Prefix is a prefix for multiples of units that are powers of 10.
subclass of: Prefix

Derived Unit
type: Class
dbpedia match: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:SI_derived_units
comment: A DerivedUnit is a type specification for units that are derived from other units.
subclass of: Unit

Dimensionless Unit
type: Class
comment: A Dimensionless Unit is a quantity for which all the exponents of the factors corresponding to the base quantities in its quantity dimension are zero.
subclass of: Unit

Discipline
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept

Single Precision Real Encoding
type: Floating Point Encoding
bytes: 64

Encoding
type: Class
description: An encoding is a rule or algorithm that is used to convert data from a native, or unspecified form into a specific form that satisfies the encoding rules. Examples of encodings include character encodings, such as UTF-8.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: bits
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: bytes

Endian Type
type: Class
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endianness
description (plain text): In computing, endianness is the ordering used to represent some kind of data as a sequence of smaller units. Typical cases are the order in which integer values are stored as bytes in computer memory (relative to a given memory addressing scheme) and the transmission order over a network or other medium. When specifically talking about bytes, endianness is also referred to simply as byte order. Most computer processors simply store integers as sequences of bytes, so that, conceptually, the encoded value can be obtained by simple concatenation. For an 'n-byte' integer value this allows 'n!' (n factorial) possible representations (one for each byte permutation). The two most common of them are: increasing numeric significance with increasing memory addresses, known as little-endian, and its opposite, called big-endian.
subclass of: Enumerated Value
one of: LittleEndian
one of: BigEndian

Enumerated Quantity
type: Aspect Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Enumerated Value
  on property: enumerated value
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Enumeration
  on property: enumeration

Enumerated Value
type: Class
description: This class is for all enumerated and/or coded values. For example, it contains the dimension objects that are the basis elements in some abstract vector space associated with a quantity kind system. Another use is for the base dimensions for quantity systems. Each quantity kind system that defines a base set has a corresponding ordered enumeration whose elements are the dimension objects for the base quantity kinds. The order of the dimensions in the enumeration determines the canonical order of the basis elements in the corresponding abstract vector space. An enumeration is a set of literals from which a single value is selected. Each literal can have a tag as an integer within a standard encoding appropriate to the range of integer values. Consistency of enumeration types will allow them, and the enumerated values, to be referred to unambiguously either through symbolic name or encoding. Enumerated values are also controlled vocabularies and as such need to be standardized. Without this consistency enumeration literals can be stated differently and result in data conflicts and misinterpretations. The tags are a set of positive whole numbers, not necessarily contiguous and having no numerical significance, each corresponding to the associated literal identifier. An order attribute can also be given on the enumeration elements. An enumeration can itself be a member of an enumeration. This allows enumerations to be enumerated in a selection. Enumerations are also subclasses of Scalar Datatype. This allows them to be used as the reference of a datatype specification.
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enumeration
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Verifiable
subclass of: EnumeratedValue
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: description
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: abbreviation
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: alt symbol

Enumeration
type: Class
dbpedia match: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Enumeration
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enumerated_type
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enumeration
comment: An enumeration is a set of literals from which a single value is selected. Each literal can have a tag as an integer within a standard encoding appropriate to the range of integer values. Consistency of enumeration types will allow them, and the enumerated values, to be referred to unambiguously either through symbolic name or encoding. Enumerated values are also controlled vocabularies and as such need to be standardized. Without this consistency enumeration literals can be stated differently and result in data conflicts and misinterpretations. The tags are a set of positive whole numbers, not necessarily contiguous and having no numerical significance, each corresponding to the associated literal identifier. An order attribute can also be given on the enumeration elements. An enumeration can itself be a member of an enumeration. This allows enumerations to be enumerated in a selection. Enumerations are also subclasses of Scalar Datatype. This allows them to be used as the reference of a datatype specification.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Enumeration
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Enumerated Value
  on property: default
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Enumerated Value
  on property: element
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: abbreviation
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: default
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: element

Enumeration scale
type: Class
subclass of: Scale
subclass of: Enumeration

Figure
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: image location
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: figure caption
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: figure label
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: height
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: image
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: landscape
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: width

Floating Point Encoding
type: Class
description: A "Encoding" with the following instance(s): "Double Precision Encoding", "Single Precision Real Encoding".
subclass of: Encoding

IEEE 754 1985 Real Encoding
type: Floating Point Encoding
bytes: 32

ISO 8601 UTC Date Time - Basic Format
type: Date Time String Encoding Type
allowed pattern: [0-9]{4}[0-9]{2}[0-9]{2}T[0-9]{2}[0-9]{2}[0-9]{2}.[0-9]+Z
allowed pattern: [0-9]{4}[0-9]{2}[0-9]{2}T[0-9]{2}[0-9]{2}[0-9]{2}Z

Integer Encoding
type: Class
description: The encoding scheme for integer types
subclass of: Encoding
one of: Long Unsigned Integer Encoding
one of: Short Unsigned Integer Encoding
one of: Signed Integer Encoding
one of: Unsigned Integer Encoding

Interval scale
type: Class
informative reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level_of_measurement
comment: The interval type allows for the degree of difference between items, but not the ratio between them. Examples include temperature with the Celsius scale, which has two defined points (the freezing and boiling point of water at specific conditions) and then separated into 100 intervals, date when measured from an arbitrary epoch (such as AD), percentage such as a percentage return on a stock,[16] location in Cartesian coordinates, and direction measured in degrees from true or magnetic north. Ratios are not meaningful since 20 °C cannot be said to be "twice as hot" as 10 °C, nor can multiplication/division be carried out between any two dates directly. However, ratios of differences can be expressed; for example, one difference can be twice another. Interval type variables are sometimes also called "scaled variables", but the formal mathematical term is an affine space (in this case an affine line). Characteristics: median, percentile & Monotonic increasing (order (<) & totally ordered set
comment: median, percentile & Monotonic increasing (order (<)) & totally ordered set
subclass of: Scale

Latex String
type: Datatype
comment: A type of string in which some characters may be wrapped with '$' and '$ characters for LaTeX rendering.
subclass of: string

Little Endian
type: Endian Type
literal: little

Logarithmic Unit
type: Class
comment: Logarithmic units are abstract mathematical units that can be used to express any quantities (physical or mathematical) that are defined on a logarithmic scale, that is, as being proportional to the value of a logarithm function. Examples of logarithmic units include common units of information and entropy, such as the bit, and the byte, as well as units of relative signal strength magnitude such as the decibel.
subclass of: Dimensionless Unit

Long Unsigned Integer Encoding
type: Integer Encoding
bytes: 8

Maths Function Type
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept

NIST SP~811 Comment
type: Class
description: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 811 Comments on some quantities and their units
subclass of: Comment

Nominal scale
type: Class
informative reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level_of_measurement
comment: A nominal scale differentiates between items or subjects based only on their names or (meta-)categories and other qualitative classifications they belong to; thus dichotomous data involves the construction of classifications as well as the classification of items. Discovery of an exception to a classification can be viewed as progress. Numbers may be used to represent the variables but the numbers do not have numerical value or relationship: For example, a Globally unique identifier. Examples of these classifications include gender, nationality, ethnicity, language, genre, style, biological species, and form. In a university one could also use hall of affiliation as an example.
subclass of: Scale

Numeric union
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: numericUnion

OCTET Encoding
type: Boolean encoding type
type: Byte Encoding
bytes: 1

Ordered type
type: Class
description: Describes how a data or information structure is ordered.
subclass of: Enumerated Value
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: literal
one of: Unordered
one of: Partially Ordered
one of: Totally Ordered

Ordinal scale
type: Class
informative reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level_of_measurement
comment: The ordinal type allows for rank order (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.) by which data can be sorted, but still does not allow for relative degree of difference between them. Examples include, on one hand, dichotomous data with dichotomous (or dichotomized) values such as 'sick' vs. 'healthy' when measuring health, 'guilty' vs. 'innocent' when making judgments in courts, 'wrong/false' vs. 'right/true' when measuring truth value, and, on the other hand, non-dichotomous data consisting of a spectrum of values, such as 'completely agree', 'mostly agree', 'mostly disagree', 'completely disagree' when measuring opinion.
subclass of: Scale
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: order

Organization
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: url

Partially Ordered
type: Ordered type
description (plain text): Partial ordered structure.
literal: partial

Physical Constant
type: Class
dbpedia match: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Physical_constant
comment: A physical constant is a physical quantity that is generally believed to be both universal in nature and constant in time. It can be contrasted with a mathematical constant, which is a fixed numerical value but does not directly involve any physical measurement. There are many physical constants in science, some of the most widely recognized being the speed of light in vacuum c, Newton's gravitational constant G, Planck's constant h, the electric permittivity of free space ε0, and the elementary charge e. Physical constants can take many dimensional forms, or may be dimensionless depending on the system of quantities and units used.
subclass of: Quantity
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Physical Constant
  on property: exact match
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector
  on property: has dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: System of Units
  on property: applicable system
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: applicable unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: boolean
  on property: exact constant
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: latex definition
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: mathML definition
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: alt symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: dbpedia match
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: normative reference (ISO)
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: latex symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: normative reference
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: ucum code

Plane Angle Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Angle unit

Prefix
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Verifiable
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Prefix
  on property: exact match
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: case-sensitive UCUM terminal
  on property: ucum code
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: prefix multiplier
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: alt symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: latex symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: symbol

Quantifiable
type: Class
comment: Quantifiable ascribes to some thing the capability of being measured, observed, or counted.
subclass of: QUDT Aspect
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Data Encoding
  on property: data encoding
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: QUDT Datatype
  on property: datatype
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: has unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: decimal
  on property: standard uncertainty
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: double
  on property: relative standard uncertainty
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: double
  on property: standard uncertainty scientific
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: datatype
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: relative standard uncertainty
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: standard uncertainty
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: data encoding
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: has unit
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: value
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: value scientific

Quantity
type: Class
dbpedia match: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Quantity
comment: A quantity is the measurement of an observable property of a particular object, event, or physical system. A quantity is always associated with the context of measurement (i.e. the thing measured, the measured value, the accuracy of measurement, etc.) whereas the underlying quantity kind is independent of any particular measurement. Thus, length is a quantity kind while the height of a rocket is a specific quantity of length; its magnitude that may be expressed in meters, feet, inches, etc. Examples of physical quantities include physical constants, such as the speed of light in a vacuum, Planck's constant, the electric permittivity of free space, and the fine structure constant. In other words, quantities are quantifiable aspects of the world, such as the duration of a movie, the distance between two points, velocity of a car, the pressure of the atmosphere, and a person's weight; and units are used to describe their numerical measure. Many quantity kinds are related to each other by various physical laws, and as a result, the associated units of some quantity kinds can be expressed as products (or ratios) of powers of other quantity kinds (e.g., momentum is mass times velocity and velocity is defined as distance divided by time). In this way, some quantities can be calculated from other measured quantities using their associations to the quantity kinds in these expressions. These quantity kind relationships are also discussed in dimensional analysis. Those that cannot be so expressed can be regarded as "fundamental" in this sense. A quantity is distinguished from a "quantity kind" in that the former carries a value and the latter is a type specifier.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Quantifiable
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: has quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity value
  on property: quantity value
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: boolean
  on property: is Delta Quantity
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: has quantity kind

Quantity Kind
type: Class
informative reference: http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
comment: A Quantity Kind is any observable property that can be measured and quantified numerically. Familiar examples include physical properties such as length, mass, time, force, energy, power, electric charge, etc. Less familiar examples include currency, interest rate, price to earning ratio, and information capacity.
subclass of: Quantity Kind (abstract)
subclass of: Verifiable
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: exact match
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector
  on property: has dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind Dimension vector (SI)
  on property: dimension vector for SI
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: string
  on property: iec-61360 code
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: dimension vector for SI
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: latex definition
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: mathML definition
subclass of: Restriction
  max qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector
  on property: denominator dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  max qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector
  on property: numerator dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: applicable CGS unit
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: applicable ISO unit
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: applicable Imperial unit
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: applicable SI unit
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: applicable US Customary unit
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: applicable unit

Quantity Kind Dimension Vector
type: Class
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensional_analysis
informative reference: http://web.mit.edu/2.25/www/pdf/DA_unified.pdf
comment: A Quantity Kind Dimension Vector describes the dimensionality of a quantity kind in the context of a system of units. In the SI system of units, the dimensions of a quantity kind are expressed as a product of the basic physical dimensions mass ($M$), length ($L$), time ($T$) current ($I$), amount of substance ($N$), luminous intensity ($J$) and absolute temperature ($\theta$) as $dim \, Q = L^{\alpha} \, M^{\beta} \, T^{\gamma} \, I ^{\delta} \, \theta ^{\epsilon} \, N^{\eta} \, J ^{\nu}$. The rational powers of the dimensional exponents, $\alpha, \, \beta, \, \gamma, \, \delta, \, \epsilon, \, \eta, \, \nu$, are positive, negative, or zero. For example, the dimension of the physical quantity kind $\it{speed}$ is $\boxed{length/time}$, $L/T$ or $LT^{-1}$, and the dimension of the physical quantity kind force is $\boxed{mass \times acceleration}$ or $\boxed{mass \times (length/time)/time}$, $ML/T^2$ or $MLT^{-2}$ respectively.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: has reference quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: dimension exponent for amount of substance
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: dimension exponent for electric current
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: dimension exponent for length
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: dimension exponent for luminous intensity
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: dimension exponent for mass
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: dimension exponent for thermodynamic temperature
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: dimension exponent for time
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: dimensionless exponent
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: latex definition
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: latex symbol

CGS Dimension vector
type: Class
comment: A CGS Dimension Vector is used to specify the dimensions for a C.G.S. quantity kind.
subclass of: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

CGS EMU Dimension vector
type: Class
comment: A CGS EMU Dimension Vector is used to specify the dimensions for EMU C.G.S. quantity kind.
subclass of: CGS Dimension vector

CGS ESU Dimension vector
type: Class
comment: A CGS ESU Dimension Vector is used to specify the dimensions for ESU C.G.S. quantity kind.
subclass of: CGS Dimension vector

CGS GAUSS Dimension vector
type: Class
comment: A CGS GAUSS Dimension Vector is used to specify the dimensions for Gaussioan C.G.S. quantity kind.
subclass of: CGS Dimension vector

CGS LH Dimension vector
type: Class
comment: A CGS LH Dimension Vector is used to specify the dimensions for Lorentz-Heaviside C.G.S. quantity kind.
subclass of: CGS Dimension vector

ISO Dimension vector
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

Imperial dimension vector
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

Quantity Kind Dimension vector (SI)
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

Quantity type
type: Class
description: A $\textit{Quantity Type}$ is an enumeration of quantity kinds. It specializes $\boxed{dtype:EnumeratedValue}$ by constrinaing $\boxed{dtype:value}$ to instances of $\boxed{qudt:QuantityKind}$.
subclass of: Enumerated Value
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: value

Quantity value
type: Class
comment: A Quantity Value expresses the magnitude and kind of a quantity and is given by the product of a numerical value n and a unit of measure U. The number multiplying the unit is referred to as the numerical value of the quantity expressed in that unit. Refer to NIST SP 811 section 7 for more on quantity values.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Quantifiable
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: has unit

Ratio scale
type: Class
informative reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level_of_measurement
comment: The ratio type takes its name from the fact that measurement is the estimation of the ratio between a magnitude of a continuous quantity and a unit magnitude of the same kind (Michell, 1997, 1999). A ratio scale possesses a meaningful (unique and non-arbitrary) zero value. Most measurement in the physical sciences and engineering is done on ratio scales. Examples include mass, length, duration, plane angle, energy and electric charge. In contrast to interval scales, ratios are now meaningful because having a non-arbitrary zero point makes it meaningful to say, for example, that one object has "twice the length" of another (= is "twice as long"). Very informally, many ratio scales can be described as specifying "how much" of something (i.e. an amount or magnitude) or "how many" (a count). The Kelvin temperature scale is a ratio scale because it has a unique, non-arbitrary zero point called absolute zero.
subclass of: Scale

Rule
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Verifiable
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Rule Type
  on property: rule type
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: rationale

Rule Type
type: Class
subclass of: Enumerated Value

Signed
type: SignednessType
literal: signed

Scalar Datatype
type: Class
description: Scalar data types are those that have a single value. The permissible values are defined over a domain that may be integers, float, character or boolean. Often a scalar data type is referred to as a primitive data type.
subclass of: QUDT Datatype
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Datatype
  on property: rdfs datatype
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: bits
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: bytes
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: length
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: max exclusive
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: max inclusive
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: min exclusive
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: min inclusive
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: rdfs datatype

Scale
type: Class
comment: Scales (also called "scales of measurement" or "levels of measurement") are expressions that typically refer to the theory of scale types.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Maths Function Type
  on property: permissible maths
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Scale type
  on property: scale type
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Transform type
  on property: permissible transformation
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: data structure
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: scale type

Scale type
type: Class
description (plain text): Scales, or scales of measurement (or categorization) provide ways of quantifying measurements, values and other enumerated values according to a normative frame of reference. Four different types of scales are typically used. These are interval, nominal, ordinal and ratio scales.
subclass of: Enumerated Value
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Maths Function Type
  on property: permissible maths
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Transform type
  on property: permissible transformation
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: data structure

Short Signed Integer Encoding
type: Integer Encoding
bytes: 2

Short Unsigned Integer Encoding
type: Boolean encoding type
type: Integer Encoding
bytes: 2

Signed Integer Encoding
type: Integer Encoding
bytes: 4

Single Precision Real Encoding
type: Floating Point Encoding
bytes: 32

Solid Angle Unit
type: Class
description: The solid angle subtended by a surface S is defined as the surface area of a unit sphere covered by the surface S's projection onto the sphere. A solid angle is related to the surface of a sphere in the same way an ordinary angle is related to the circumference of a circle. Since the total surface area of the unit sphere is 4*pi, the measure of solid angle will always be between 0 and 4*pi.
subclass of: Angle unit

Statement
type: Class
subclass of: Statement

Symbol
type: Class
subclass of: QUDT Concept

System of Quantity Kinds
type: Class
comment: A system of quantity kinds is a set of one or more quantity kinds together with a set of zero or more algebraic equations that define relationships between quantity kinds in the set. In the physical sciences, the equations relating quantity kinds are typically physical laws and definitional relations, and constants of proportionality. Examples include Newton’s First Law of Motion, Coulomb’s Law, and the definition of velocity as the instantaneous change in position. In almost all cases, the system identifies a subset of base quantity kinds. The base set is chosen so that all other quantity kinds of interest can be derived from the base quantity kinds and the algebraic equations. If the unit system is explicitly associated with a quantity kind system, then the unit system must define at least one unit for each quantity kind. From a scientific point of view, the division of quantities into base quantities and derived quantities is a matter of convention.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Enumeration
  on property: base dimension enumeration
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: has base quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: has quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: system derived quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: System of Units
  on property: has unit system
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: base dimension enumeration
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: has quantity kind

System of Units
type: Class
informative reference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Systems_of_units
informative reference: http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/System_of_Measurement_Units
comment: A system of units is a set of units which are chosen as the reference scales for some set of quantity kinds together with the definitions of each unit. Units may be defined by experimental observation or by proportion to another unit not included in the system. If the unit system is explicitly associated with a quantity kind system, then the unit system must define at least one unit for each quantity kind.
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Verifiable
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Physical Constant
  on property: applicable physical constant
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Prefix
  on property: prefix
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: allowed unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: base unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: coherent unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: defined unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: derived coherent unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: derived unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: has unit

Totally Ordered
type: Ordered type
description (plain text): Totally ordered structure.
literal: total

Transform type
type: Class
subclass of: Enumerated Value

case-sensitive UCUM code
type: Datatype
source: https://ucum.org/ucum.html
comment: Lexical pattern for the case-sensitive version of UCUM code
subclass of: Resource
on datatype: string
with restrictions:
  pattern: [\x21-\x7e]+

case-sensitive UCUM terminal
type: Datatype
source: https://ucum.org/ucum.html
comment: Lexical pattern for the terminal symbols in the case-sensitive version of UCUM code
subclass of: Resource
on datatype: string
with restrictions:
  pattern: [\x21,\x23-\x27,\x2a,\x2c,\x30-\x3c,\x3e-\x5a,\x5c,\x5e-\x7a,\x7c,\x7e]+

Unsigned
type: SignednessType
literal: unsigned

Unit
type: Class
description: A unit of measure, or unit, is a particular quantity value that has been chosen as a scale for measuring other quantities the same kind (more generally of equivalent dimension). For example, the meter is a quantity of length that has been rigorously defined and standardized by the BIPM (International Board of Weights and Measures). Any measurement of the length can be expressed as a number multiplied by the unit meter. More formally, the value of a physical quantity Q with respect to a unit (U) is expressed as the scalar multiple of a real number (n) and U, as $Q = nU$.
informative reference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Units_of_measure
informative reference: http://www.allmeasures.com/Fullconversion.asp
subclass of: QUDT Concept
subclass of: Verifiable
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Prefix
  on property: prefix
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: has quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector
  on property: has dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector
  on property: denominator dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector
  on property: numerator dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: System of Units
  on property: applicable system
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: System of Units
  on property: defined unit of system
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: System of Units
  on property: is coherent derived unit of system
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: System of Units
  on property: is derived unit of system
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: case-sensitive UCUM code
  on property: ucum code
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: exact match
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: scalingOf
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: string
  on property: iec-61360 code
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: string
  on property: udunits code
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: string
  on property: unece common code
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
  on property: hasFactorUnit
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: conversion multiplier
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: conversion multiplier scientific
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: conversion offset
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: conversion offset scientific
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: factorUnitScalar
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: has dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: mathML definition
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: denominator dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: numerator dimension vector
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: alt symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: latex definition
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: latex symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: si units expression
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: symbol

Unordered
type: Ordered type
description (plain text): Unordered structure.
literal: unordered

Unsigned Integer Encoding
type: Integer Encoding
bytes: 4

User Quantity Kind
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind (abstract)
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: has quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has quantity kind

Verifiable
type: Aspect Class
comment: An aspect class that holds properties that provide external knowledge and specifications of a given resource.
subclass of: QUDT Aspect
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: dbpedia match
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: normative reference (ISO)
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: normative reference (ISO)
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: normative reference
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 0
  on property: normative reference

abbreviation
type: DatatypeProperty
description: An abbreviation for a unit is a short ASCII string that is used in place of the full name for the unit in contexts where non-ASCII characters would be problematic, or where using the abbreviation will enhance readability. When a power of abase unit needs to be expressed, such as squares this can be done using abbreviations rather than symbols. For example, sq ft means square foot, and cu ft means cubic foot.
range: string

acronym
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

allowed pattern
type: DatatypeProperty

alt symbol
type: DatatypeProperty
description: An alternative symbol
sub property of: literal

ANSI SQL Name
type: Property
range: string

applicable CGS unit
type: ObjectProperty
range: Unit
sub property of: applicable unit

applicable ISO unit
type: ObjectProperty
range: Unit
sub property of: applicable unit

applicable Imperial unit
type: ObjectProperty
range: Unit
sub property of: applicable unit

applicable physical constant
type: ObjectProperty

applicable Planck unit
type: ObjectProperty
range: Unit
sub property of: applicable unit

applicable SI unit
type: ObjectProperty
range: Unit
sub property of: applicable unit

applicable system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure with a unit system that may or may not define the unit, but within which the unit is compatible.

applicable US Customary unit
type: ObjectProperty
range: Unit
sub property of: applicable unit

applicable unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: See https://github.com/qudt/qudt-public-repo/wiki/Advanced-User-Guide#4-computing-applicable-units-for-a-quantitykind on how `qudt:applicableUnit` is computed from `qudt:hasQuantityKind` and then materialized
range: Unit

base dimension enumeration
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property associates a system of quantities with an enumeration that enumerates the base dimensions of the system in canonical order.
range: Enumeration

is base unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure to the system of units in which it is defined as a base unit for the system. The base units of a system are used to define the derived units of the system by expressing the derived units as products of the base units raised to a rational power.
sub property of: defined unit of system
inverse of: base unit

basis
type: ObjectProperty

belongs to system of quantities
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Quantity Kind
range: System of Quantity Kinds

bit order
type: ObjectProperty
range: Endian Type

bits
type: Property
range: integer

bounded
type: DatatypeProperty

byte order
type: ObjectProperty
description: Byte order is an enumeration of two values: 'Big Endian' and 'Little Endian' and is used to denote whether the most signiticant byte is either first or last, respectively.
range: Endian Type

bytes
type: Property
type: DatatypeProperty
range: integer

C Language name
type: Property
comment: Datatype name in the C programming language
range: string

cardinality
type: ObjectProperty

categorized as
type: ObjectProperty

coherent unit system
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
description: A system of units is coherent with respect to a system of quantities and equations if the system of units is chosen in such a way that the equations between numerical values have exactly the same form (including the numerical factors) as the corresponding equations between the quantities. In such a coherent system, no numerical factor other than the number 1 ever occurs in the expressions for the derived units in terms of the base units. For example, the $newton$ and the $joule$. These two are, respectively, the force that causes one kilogram to be accelerated at 1 metre per (1) second per (1) second, and the work done by 1 newton acting over 1 metre. Being coherent refers to this consistent use of 1. In the old c.g.s. system , with its base units the centimetre and the gram, the corresponding coherent units were the dyne and the erg, respectively the force that causes 1 gram to be accelerated at 1 centimetre per (1) second per (1) second, and the work done by 1 dyne acting over 1 centimetre. So $1\,newton = 10^5 dyne$, $1 joule = 10^7 erg$, making each of the four compatible in a decimal sense within its respective other system, but not coherent therein.
informative reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherence_(units_of_measurement)
sub property of: has unit system

conversion multiplier
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: decimal

conversion multiplier scientific
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: decimal

conversion offset
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: decimal

conversion offset scientific
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: double

currency code
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
description: Alphabetic Currency Code as defined by ISO 4217. For example, US Dollar has the code 'USD'.
range: string

currency exponent
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
description: The currency exponent indicates the number of decimal places between a major currency unit and its minor currency unit. For example, the US dollar is the major currency unit of the United States, and the US cent is the minor currency unit. Since one cent is 1/100 of a dollar, the US dollar has a currency exponent of 2. However, the Japanese Yen has no minor currency units, so the yen has a currency exponent of 0.
range: integer

currency number
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
description: Numeric currency Code as defined by ISO 4217. For example, US Dollar has the number 840.
range: string

data encoding
type: ObjectProperty
range: Data Encoding

data structure
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

datatype
type: ObjectProperty
label: element type

dbpedia match
type: DatatypeProperty
range: anyURI

default
type: ObjectProperty
description: The default element in an enumeration

defined unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure with the unit system that defines the unit.
sub property of: is unit of system
inverse of: defined unit

denominator dimension vector
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

deprecated
type: DatatypeProperty
range: boolean

is coherent derived unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure to the unit system in which the unit is derived from the system's base units with a proportionality constant of one.
sub property of: defined unit of system
sub property of: is derived unit of system
inverse of: derived coherent unit

is non-coherent derived unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure to the unit system in which the unit is derived from the system's base units without proportionality constant of one.
range: System of Units
sub property of: is derived unit of system
inverse of: has coherent derived unit

is derived unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure to the system of units in which it is defined as a derived unit. That is, the derived unit is defined as a product of the base units for the system raised to some rational power.
sub property of: is unit of system
inverse of: derived unit

dimension exponent
type: DatatypeProperty

dimension exponent for amount of substance
type: DatatypeProperty

dimension exponent for electric current
type: DatatypeProperty

dimension exponent for length
type: DatatypeProperty

dimension exponent for luminous intensity
type: DatatypeProperty

dimension exponent for mass
type: DatatypeProperty

dimension exponent for thermodynamic temperature
type: DatatypeProperty

dimension exponent for time
type: DatatypeProperty

dimension inverse
type: FunctionalProperty
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty

dimension vector for SI
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity Kind Dimension vector (SI)

dimensionless exponent
type: DatatypeProperty

element
type: ObjectProperty
description: An element of an enumeration

element kind
type: ObjectProperty

encoding
type: ObjectProperty

enumerated value
type: ObjectProperty
range: Enumerated Value

enumeration
type: ObjectProperty
range: Enumeration

exact constant
type: DatatypeProperty
range: boolean

exact match
type: SymmetricRelation
type: ObjectProperty

example
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The 'qudt:example' property is used to annotate an instance of a class with a reference to a concept that is an example. The type of this property is 'rdf:Property'. This allows both scalar and object ranges.

exponent
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a factor unit its exponent

expression
type: AnnotationProperty
description: An 'expression' is a finite combination of symbols that are well-formed according to rules that apply to units of measure, quantity kinds and their dimensions.

factorUnitScalar
type: DatatypeProperty
description: For a derived unit that is not exactly the product of its factor units, this property defines the scalar with which that product has to be multiplied with.

field code
type: DatatypeProperty
description (plain text): A field code is a generic property for representing unique codes that make up other identifers. For example each QuantityKind class caries a domain code as its field code.
range: string

figure
type: ObjectProperty
description: Provides a link to an image.
range: Figure

figure caption
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

figure label
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

float percentage
type: Datatype
equivalent class: Datatype
  on datatype: float
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 0.00
  with restrictions:
    max inclusive: 100.00

guidance
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: QUDT Concept
range: HTML

allowed unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit system with a unit of measure that is not defined by or part of the system, but is allowed for use within the system. An allowed unit must be convertible to some dimensionally eqiuvalent unit that is defined by the system.
range: Unit
sub property of: has unit

has base quantity kind
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has quantity kind

base unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a system of units to a base unit defined within the system. The base units of a system are used to define the derived units of the system by expressing the derived units as products of the base units raised to a rational power.
sub property of: coherent unit
inverse of: is base unit of system

citation
type: DatatypeProperty
description (plain text): Used to provide an annotation for an informative reference.
range: string

coherent unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: A coherent unit of measurement for a unit system is a defined unit that may be expressed as a product of powers of the system's base units with the proportionality factor of one.
sub property of: defined unit

defined unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit system with a unit of measure that is defined by the system.
range: Unit
sub property of: has unit

has quantity kind dimension vector denominator part
type: ObjectProperty

derived coherent unit
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: coherent unit
sub property of: derived unit
inverse of: is coherent derived unit of system

has coherent derived unit
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: derived unit
inverse of: is non-coherent derived unit of system

derived unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a system of units to a unit of measure that is defined within the system in terms of the base units for the system. That is, the derived unit is defined as a product of the base units for the system raised to some rational power.
inverse of: is derived unit of system

has dimension
type: ObjectProperty

dimension expression
type: ObjectProperty

has dimension vector
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

hasFactorUnit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a derived unit to one of its constituent factor units

has quantity kind dimension vector numerator part
type: ObjectProperty

prefix unit
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: defined unit

has quantity
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity

has quantity kind
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity Kind

has reference quantity kind
type: ObjectProperty

has rule
type: ObjectProperty

has unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a factor unit its unit
description: This property relates a factor unit to its unit or a system of units with a unit of measure that is either a) defined by the system, or b) accepted for use by the system and is convertible to a unit of equivalent dimension that is defined by the system. Systems of units may distinguish between base and derived units. Base units are the units which measure the base quantities for the corresponding system of quantities. The base units are used to define units for all other quantities as products of powers of the base units. Such units are called derived units for the system.
label: hasUnit
range: Unit

has unit system
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty

has vocabulary
type: ObjectProperty
description (plain text): Used to relate a class to one or more graphs where vocabularies for the class are defined.
range: Ontology

height
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

qudt id
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The "qudt:id" is an identifier string that uniquely identifies a QUDT concept. The identifier is constructed using a prefix. For example, units are coded using the pattern: "UCCCENNNN", where "CCC" is a numeric code or a category and "NNNN" is a digit string for a member element of that category. For scaled units there may be an addition field that has the format "QNN" where "NN" is a digit string representing an exponent power, and "Q" is a qualifier that indicates with the code "P" that the power is a positive decimal exponent, or the code "N" for a negative decimal exponent, or the code "B" for binary positive exponents.
domain: QUDT Concept
range: string

iec-61360 code
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

image
type: DatatypeProperty
range: anyURI

image location
type: DatatypeProperty
range: anyURI

informative reference
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Provides a way to reference a source that provided useful but non-normative information.
range: anyURI

integer percentage
type: Datatype
equivalent class: Datatype
  on datatype: integer
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 0
  with restrictions:
    max inclusive: 100

is Delta Quantity
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: This property is used to identify a Quantity instance that is a measure of a change, or interval, of some property, rather than a measure of its absolute value. This is important for measurements such as temperature differences where the conversion among units would be calculated differently because of offsets.
range: boolean

is dimension in system
type: ObjectProperty

is metric unit
type: DatatypeProperty
range: boolean

is unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure with a system of units that either a) defines the unit or b) allows the unit to be used within the system.
domain: Unit
range: System of Units

normative reference (ISO)
type: DatatypeProperty
description: Provides a way to reference the ISO unit definition.
range: anyURI
sub property of: normative reference

java name
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

Javascript name
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

landscape
type: DatatypeProperty
range: boolean

latex definition
type: DatatypeProperty
range: Latex String

latex symbol
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The symbol is a glyph that is used to represent some concept, typically a unit or a quantity, in a compact form. For example, the symbol for an Ohm is $ohm$. This contrasts with 'unit:abbreviation', which gives a short alphanumeric abbreviation for the unit, 'ohm' for Ohm.
range: Latex String

length
type: Property
range: integer

lower bound
type: DatatypeProperty

math definition
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

mathML definition
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
sub property of: math definition

matlab name
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

max exclusive
type: DatatypeProperty
description: maxExclusive is the exclusive upper bound of the value space for a datatype with the ordered property. The value of maxExclusive must be in the value space of the base type or be equal to {value} in {base type definition}.
range: string
sub property of: upper bound

max inclusive
type: DatatypeProperty
description: maxInclusive is the inclusive upper bound of the value space for a datatype with the ordered property. The value of maxInclusive must be in the value space of the base type.
sub property of: upper bound

Microsoft SQL Server name
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

min exclusive
type: Property
type: DatatypeProperty
description: minExclusive is the exclusive lower bound of the value space for a datatype with the ordered property. The value of minExclusive must be in the value space of the base type or be equal to {value} in {base type definition}.
sub property of: lower bound

min inclusive
type: DatatypeProperty
description: minInclusive is the inclusive lower bound of the value space for a datatype with the ordered property. The value of minInclusive must be in the value space of the base type.
sub property of: lower bound

MySQL name
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

negative delta limit
type: DatatypeProperty
description: A negative change limit between consecutive sample values for a parameter. The Negative Delta may be the encoded value or engineering units value depending on whether or not a Calibrator is defined.
range: string

normative reference
type: DatatypeProperty
description: Provides a way to reference information that is an authorative source providing a standard definition
range: anyURI

numerator dimension vector
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

numeric value
type: DatatypeProperty
range: Numeric union

ODBC name
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

OLE DB name
type: DatatypeProperty
description: OLE DB (Object Linking and Embedding, Database, sometimes written as OLEDB or OLE-DB), an API designed by Microsoft, allows accessing data from a variety of sources in a uniform manner. The API provides a set of interfaces implemented using the Component Object Model (COM); it is otherwise unrelated to OLE.
informative reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLE_DB
informative reference: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms714931(v=vs.85).aspx
range: string

om unit
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Unit

online reference
type: DatatypeProperty
range: anyURI

ORACLE SQL name
type: Property
range: string

order
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger

ordered type
type: ObjectProperty

out of scope
type: DatatypeProperty
range: boolean

permissible maths
type: ObjectProperty

permissible transformation
type: ObjectProperty

description (plain text)
type: DatatypeProperty
description: A plain text description is used to provide a description with only simple ASCII characters for cases where LaTeX , HTML or other markup would not be appropriate.
range: string

Positive delta limit
type: DatatypeProperty
description: A positive change limit between consecutive sample values for a parameter. The Positive Delta may be the encoded value or engineering units value depending on whether or not a Calibrator is defined.
range: string

prefix
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Associates a unit with the appropriate prefix, if any.
range: Prefix

prefix multiplier
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: decimal

prefix multiplier scientific
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: double

protocol buffers name
type: Property
range: string

python name
type: Property
range: string

denominator dimension vector
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

numerator dimension vector
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity Kind Dimension Vector

quantity
type: ObjectProperty
description: a property to relate an observable thing with a quantity (qud:Quantity)

quantity value
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity value

rationale
type: DatatypeProperty
range: HTML

rdfs datatype
type: DatatypeProperty

reference
type: ObjectProperty

reference unit
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty

relative standard uncertainty
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The relative standard uncertainty of a measurement is the (absolute) standard uncertainty divided by the magnitude of the exact value.
range: double

relevant quantity kind
type: ObjectProperty
range: Quantity Kind

Relevant Unit
type: ObjectProperty
comment: This property is used for qudt:Discipline instances to identify the Unit instances that are used within a given discipline.
range: Unit

rule type
type: ObjectProperty

scale type
type: ObjectProperty

scalingOf
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit that is scaled to the base unit that its qudt:conversionMultiplier converts it to
description: This property relates a unit to another unit it is scaled from

Individual from SI Reference Point
type: ObjectProperty

si units expression
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

standard uncertainty
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The standard uncertainty of a quantity is the estimated standard deviation of the mean taken from a series of measurements.
range: decimal

standard uncertainty scientific
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The standard uncertainty of a quantity is the estimated standard deviation of the mean taken from a series of measurements.
range: double

symbol
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The symbol is a glyph that is used to represent some concept, typically a unit or a quantity, in a compact form. For example, the symbol for an Ohm is $ohm$. This contrasts with 'unit:abbreviation', which gives a short alphanumeric abbreviation for the unit, 'ohm' for Ohm.
sub property of: literal

system definition
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty

system derived quantity kind
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has quantity kind

system dimension
type: ObjectProperty

ucum code
type: DatatypeProperty
description: ucumCode associates a QUDT unit with its UCUM code (case-sensitive). In SHACL the values are derived from specific ucum properties using 'sh:values'.
source: https://ucum.org/ucum.html
range: Class
  union of: case-sensitive UCUM code
  union of: case-sensitive UCUM terminal
sub property of: notation

udunits code
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The UDUNITS package supports units of physical quantities. Its C library provides for arithmetic manipulation of units and for conversion of numeric values between compatible units. The package contains an extensive unit database, which is in XML format and user-extendable. The package also contains a command-line utility for investigating units and converting values.
source: https://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/udunits/
range: string

unece common code
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The UN/CEFACT Recommendation 20 provides three character alphabetic and alphanumeric codes for representing units of measurement for length, area, volume/capacity, mass (weight), time, and other quantities used in international trade. The codes are intended for use in manual and/or automated systems for the exchange of information between participants in international trade.
source: https://service.unece.org/trade/uncefact/vocabulary/rec20/
source: https://unece.org/trade/documents/2021/06/uncefact-rec20-0
range: string

unit for
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Unit
inverse of: has unit

upper bound
type: DatatypeProperty
range: anySimpleType

url
type: DatatypeProperty
range: anyURI

value
type: DatatypeProperty
description: A property to relate an observable thing with a value of any kind

value for quantity
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: quantity value

value scientific
type: DatatypeProperty
description: A property to relate an observable thing with a value of any kind

value union
type: Datatype
description: A datatype that is the union of numeric xsd data types. "numericUnion" is equivalent to the xsd specification that uses an xsd:union of memberTypes="xsd:decimal xsd:double xsd:float xsd:integer".
subclass of: Resource
equivalent class: Class
  union of: anySimpleType
  union of: EnumeratedValue

Vusal Basic name
type: Property
range: string

vector magnitude
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: float

width
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

QUDT Schema Catalog Entry
type: CatalogEntry

superseded by
type: ObjectProperty

dtype
namespace: http://www.linkedmodel.org/schema/dtype#
namespace prefix: dtype

literal
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

QUDT Schema - Version 3.1.4
type: GraphMetaData
contributor: Daniel Mekonnen
contributor: David Price
contributor: Jack Hodges
contributor: James E. Masters
contributor: Simon J D Cox
contributor: Steve Ray
created: 2011-04-20
creator: Ralph Hodgson
description: The QUDT, or "Quantity, Unit, Dimension and Type" schema defines the base classes properties, and restrictions used for modeling physical quantities, units of measure, and their dimensions in various measurement systems. The goal of the QUDT ontology is to provide a unified model of, measurable quantities, units for measuring different kinds of quantities, the numerical values of quantities in different units of measure and the data structures and data types used to store and manipulate these objects in software. Except for unit prefixes, all units are specified in separate vocabularies. Descriptions are provided in both HTML and LaTeX formats. A quantity is a measure of an observable phenomenon, that, when associated with something, becomes a property of that thing; a particular object, event, or physical system. A quantity has meaning in the context of a measurement (i.e. the thing measured, the measured value, the accuracy of measurement, etc.) whereas the underlying quantity kind is independent of any particular measurement. Thus, length is a quantity kind while the height of a rocket is a specific quantity of length; its magnitude that may be expressed in meters, feet, inches, etc. Or, as stated at Wikipedia, in the language of measurement, quantities are quantifiable aspects of the world, such as time, distance, velocity, mass, momentum, energy, and weight, and units are used to describe their measure. Many of these quantities are related to each other by various physical laws, and as a result the units of some of the quantities can be expressed as products (or ratios) of powers of other units (e.g., momentum is mass times velocity and velocity is measured in distance divided by time).
modified: 2025-07-18T19:58:46Z
rights: This product includes all or a portion of the UCUM table, UCUM codes, and UCUM definitions or is derived from it, subject to a license from Regenstrief Institute, Inc. and The UCUM Organization. Your use of the UCUM table, UCUM codes, UCUM definitions also is subject to this license, a copy of which is available at ​http://unitsofmeasure.org. The current complete UCUM table, UCUM Specification are available for download at ​http://unitsofmeasure.org. The UCUM table and UCUM codes are copyright © 1995-2009, Regenstrief Institute, Inc. and the Unified Codes for Units of Measures (UCUM) Organization. All rights reserved. THE UCUM TABLE (IN ALL FORMATS), UCUM DEFINITIONS, AND SPECIFICATION ARE PROVIDED 'AS IS.' ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
rights: The QUDT Ontologies are issued under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Attribution should be made to QUDT.org
subject: QUDT
informative reference: http://unitsofmeasure.org/trac
informative reference: http://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure
informative reference: http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_200_2008.pdf
informative reference: https://books.google.com/books
informative reference: https://www.nist.gov/physical-measurement-laboratory/special-publication-811
graph name: qudt
graph title: Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Types (QUDT) Schema - Version 3.1.4
has graph role: SchemaGraph
has owner: QUDT
has steward: QUDT
intent: Specifies the schema for quantities, units and dimensions. Types are defined in other schemas.
is metadata for: QUDT Schema - Version 3.1.4
latest published version: https://qudt.org/doc/2025/07/DOC_SCHEMA-QUDT.html
namespace: http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/
namespace prefix: qudt
owner: qudt.org
previous published version: https://qudt.org/doc/2025/06/DOC_SCHEMA-QUDT.html
turtle file URL: QUDT Schema - Version 3.1.4
uses non imported resource: abstract
uses non imported resource: contributor
uses non imported resource: created
uses non imported resource: description
uses non imported resource: modified
uses non imported resource: rights
uses non imported resource: source
uses non imported resource: subject
uses non imported resource: title
uses non imported resource: QUDT-Attribution
with attribution to: QUDT-Attribution
version IRI: QUDT Schema - Version 3.1.4

QUDT
type: Party
description: QUDT is a non-profit organization that governs the QUDT ontologies.
graph name: qudt.org
website: http://www.qudt.org

was derived from
type: Property
range: QUDT Concept