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The $\textit{relative permittivity}$ of a material under given conditions reflects the extent to which it concentrates electrostatic lines of flux.
In technical terms, it is the ratio of the amount of electrical energy stored in a material by an applied voltage,
relative to that stored in a vacuum.
Likewise, it is also the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor using that material as a dielectric, compared to a similar capacitor that has a vacuum as its dielectric.
Relative permittivity is a dimensionless number that is in general complex.
The imaginary portion of the permittivity corresponds to a phase shift of the polarization $P$ relative to $E$ and leads to the attenuation of electromagnetic waves passing through the medium.
$$\epsilon_r(w) = \frac{\epsilon(w)}{\epsilon_O}$$,
where $\epsilon_r(w)$ is the complex frequency-dependent absolute permittivity of the material,
and $\epsilon_O$ is the vacuum permittivity.
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The $\\textit{relative permittivity}$ of a material under given conditions reflects the extent to which it concentrates electrostatic lines of flux.
In technical terms, it is the ratio of the amount of electrical energy stored in a material by an applied voltage,
relative to that stored in a vacuum.
Likewise, it is also the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor using that material as a dielectric, compared to a similar capacitor that has a vacuum as its dielectric.
Relative permittivity is a dimensionless number that is in general complex.
The imaginary portion of the permittivity corresponds to a phase shift of the polarization $P$ relative to $E$ and leads to the attenuation of electromagnetic waves passing through the medium.
$$\\epsilon_r(w) = \\frac{\\epsilon(w)}{\\epsilon_O}$$,
where $\\epsilon_r(w)$ is the complex frequency-dependent absolute permittivity of the material,
and $\\epsilon_O$ is the vacuum permittivity.
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